创建画布 plt.figure(num=n，figsize=(width,hight))

线图
plt.plot(x,y,color=’color’,linewidth=n,linestyle=’–‘,label=’name’)

散点图 plt.scatter(x,y,s=n,c=’color’,alpha=n)

柱状图
plt.bar(x,y,facecolor’color’,edgecolor=’color’,)

等高线图
X,Y = np.meshgrid(x,y)
plt.contourf(X,Y,Z,n,alpha=0.7,cmap=plt.cm.hot)
C=plt.contour(X,Y,Z,n,color=0.7,linewidth=.5)
plt.clabel(C,inline=True,fontsize=n)

图像
plt.imshow(a,interpolation=’nearest’,cmap=’bone’,origin=’lower/upper’)

坐标轴文字
plt.xlim((min,max))/plt.ylim((min,max))
plt.xlabel(“discription”)/plt.ylabel(“discription”) plt.xticks([new_ticks],[new_discription])/ plt.yticks([new_ticks],[new_discription])

坐标轴样式和移动
ax=plt.gca()
ax.spines[“right”].set_color(“none”)
ax.spines[“top”].set_color(“none”)
ax.xaixs.set_ticks_position(“bottom”)
ax.yaixs.set_ticks_position(“left”)
ax.spines[“bottom”].set_position((‘data’,0)) ax.spines[“left”].set_position((‘data’,0))

for label in ax.get_xticklabels()+ax.get_yticklabels():
label.set_fontsize(12)
label.set.bbox(dict(facecolor=’white’,edgecolor=’None’,alpha=0.7))

图例
plt.legend(handles=[],labels=[],loc=’best’)

注解
plt.annotate(‘text’,xy=(x,y),xycoords=’data’,xytext=(+n,-n),textcoords=”offset points”,fontsize=n,arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle=’->’,connectionstyle=’arc3,rad=.2’))

plt.text(x,y,’text’,fontdict={‘size’:16,’color’:’r’},ha=’center’,va=’bottom’)

色柱
plt.colorbar(shrink=n)

显示图
plt.show()

3D图像
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
fig =plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)
ax.plot_surface(X,Y,Z,rstride=1,cstride=1,cmap=plt.get_cmap(‘rainbow’))
ax.contourf(X,Y,Z,zdir=’x/y/z’,offset=n,cmap=’rainbow’)

Subplot
plt.subplot(rown,column,num)

分割显示 import matplotlib.girdspec as gridspec

Methed 1:
ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((row,col),(rown,coln)colspan=n,rowspan=n)
ax1.plot(x,y)
ax2…….
Methed 2:
gs=gridspec.GridSpec(row,col)
ax1=plt.subplot(gs[row,col])
ax1.plot(x,y)
ax2…….
Mwthed 3:
f,((ax11,ax12),(ax21,ax22)) = plt.subplots(row,col,sharex=True,sharey=True)
ax11.plot(x,y)
ax12…….

图中图
Methed 1: ax2 = fig.add_axes([left,bottom,width,height])
Methed 2:
plt.axes([left,bottom,width,height])

次坐标轴
fig,ax1=plt.subplots()
ax2 = ax1.twinx()

动画
from matplotlib import animation
fig,ax = plt.subplots()
x= np.arange(0,2*np.pi,0.01)
line, =ax.plot(x,np.sin(x))

def animate(i):
line.set_ydata(np.sin(x+i/10))
return line,
def init():
line.set_ydata(np.sin(x))
return line,

ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig=fig,func=animate,frames=n,init_func=init,interval=n,blit=False)